dig

Install dig package

Dig is part of package bind9-dnsutils.

$ apt-file list bind9-dnsutils
bind9-dnsutils: /usr/bin/delv             
bind9-dnsutils: /usr/bin/dig
bind9-dnsutils: /usr/bin/dnstap-read
bind9-dnsutils: /usr/bin/mdig
bind9-dnsutils: /usr/bin/nslookup
bind9-dnsutils: /usr/bin/nsupdate
bind9-dnsutils: /usr/share/doc/bind9-dnsutils/changelog.Debian.gz
bind9-dnsutils: /usr/share/doc/bind9-dnsutils/copyright
bind9-dnsutils: /usr/share/man/man1/delv.1.gz
bind9-dnsutils: /usr/share/man/man1/dig.1.gz
bind9-dnsutils: /usr/share/man/man1/dnstap-read.1.gz
bind9-dnsutils: /usr/share/man/man1/mdig.1.gz
bind9-dnsutils: /usr/share/man/man1/nslookup.1.gz
bind9-dnsutils: /usr/share/man/man1/nsupdate.1.gz
$ apt install bind9-dnsutils

Reverse lookup

This option sets simplified reverse lookups, for mapping addresses to names.

$ dig -x 54.239.28.85

Check dig version

$ dig -v

Find the ip of a host

$ dig amazon.com | grep -A 1 --color 'ANSWER SECTION'
;; ANSWER SECTION:
amazon.com.             842     IN      A       205.251.242.103

$ dig google.com +short
142.250.113.102
142.250.113.101
142.250.113.100
142.250.113.113
142.250.113.139
142.250.113.138

Look at the "ANSWER SECTION", it has name, TTL in seconds, IN (class or internet), A (record type), IP.

Specify an exact DNS to search

$ dig @8.8.8.8 amazon.com

List all DNS of a host

$ dig google.com A +nssearch
SOA ns1.google.com. dns-admin.google.com. 759020131 900 900 1800 60 from server 216.239.38.10 in 28 ms.
SOA ns1.google.com. dns-admin.google.com. 759020131 900 900 1800 60 from server 216.239.32.10 in 28 ms.
SOA ns1.google.com. dns-admin.google.com. 759020131 900 900 1800 60 from server 216.239.36.10 in 44 ms.
SOA ns1.google.com. dns-admin.google.com. 759020131 900 900 1800 60 from server 216.239.34.10 in 52 ms.